ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Adaptive-Robust Control Approach for Trajectory Tracking of two 5 DOF Cooperating Robot Manipulators Moving a Rigid Payload
In this paper, a dual system consisting of two 5 DOF (RRRRR) robot manipulators is considered as a cooperative robotic system used to manipulate a rigid payload on a desired trajectory between two desired initial and end positions/orientations. The forward and inverse kinematic problems are first solved for the dual arm system. Then, dynamics of the system and the relations between forces/moments acting on the object by the robots, using different Jacobian matrices, are derived. The proposed control method is a position control approach; therefore, it does not need the complexity of measurement of forces and moments at the contact points. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the performance of the control algorithm. The robustness of the proposed control scheme is verified in the presence of disturbance and uncertainty.
https://miscj.aut.ac.ir/article_214_a076bc1e1ec745ee78cdde7d35fa362a.pdf
2009-04-01
1
9
10.22060/miscj.2009.214
Cooperative Robots –Adaptive-Robust Control Scheme –5 DOF robot manipulators– Trajectory Tracking
M.
Azadii
1
AUTHOR
M.
Eghtesadii
2
AUTHOR
[1] S. Hayati, "Hybrid position-force control of multi arm cooperating robots", Proc. IEEE International conference on robotics and automation, pp. 82-89, 1986.
1
[2] M. H. Raibert, and J. J. Craig, "Hybrid position force control of manipulators", ASME Journal of dynamic system measurement, and control, vol. 108, No. 3, pp.126-133, 1981.
2
[3] O. Khatib, “Object manipulation in a multi-effector robot system”, Robotics Research: the Fourth International Symposium, pp. 137-144, 1988.
3
[4] Y. Nakamura, K. Nagai and T. Yoshikawa, “Dynamic and stability in coordination of multiple robotic mechanism”, International Journal of Robotics Research, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 44-61, 1989.
4
[5] P. Hsu, “Control of multi-manipulator systems – trajectory tracking, load distribution, internal force control, and decentralized architecture”, Proc. IEEE Int. Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 1234-1239, 1989.
5
[6] M. Uchiyama and P. Dauchez, “A symmetric hybrid position/force control scheme for the coordination of two robots”, Proc. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 1, pp. 350-356, 1988.
6
[7] K. Kreutz and A. Lokshin, “Load balancing and closed chain multiple arm control”, Proc. American Control Conference, pp. 2148-2155, 1988.
7
[8] M. Itoh, T. Murakami and K. Ohnisni, “Decentralized control of cooperative manipulators based on virtual force transmission algorithm”, Proceedings of 1999 IEEE conference, pp. 874–889, USA: Kohala Coast-Island of Havai, 1999.
8
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Proposing a 2D Dynamical Model for Investigating the parameters Affecting Whiplash Injuries
This paper proposes a 2D dynamical model for evaluating parameters affecting whiplash. In fact a four segment dynamical model is developed in the sagittal plane for the analysis. The model response is validated using the existing experimental data and is shown to simulate the "S-Shape" and "initial upward ramping" kinematics of the cervical spine and the resulting dynamics observed in human and cadaver experiments. The model is then used to evaluate the effects of parameters such as velocity change between rear vehicle and the target vehicle (), head/head restraint separation (backset) and the awareness of occupant on the whiplash injuries. It is shown that the proposed model can simulate whiplash phenomena very well; therefore it is a suitable alternative for other existing models.
https://miscj.aut.ac.ir/article_216_76fc1592ffc07063c0e9d72cf573d8f8.pdf
2009-04-01
11
16
10.22060/miscj.2009.216
Whiplash injuries
Dynamic model
Adams
Backset
Velocity change
Awareness
Seyed Mohammad
Rajaai
1
AUTHOR
Mohammad H
Farahani
2
AUTHOR
[1] Lawrence, S., Nordhoff, Jr., Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries, Biomechanics, Diagnosis and Management. Pleasanton California, Second edition, Jones and Bartlett publishers, 2005.
1
[2] Kettler, A., Fruth, K., Claes, L., Wike, H.J., Influence of the crash pulse shape on the peak loading and the injury tolerance levels of the neck in in-vitro low speed side collisions. Journal of biomechanics 2005, pp. 51-58
2
[3] Koch V., Nygern, M., Tingvall, C., Impairement Pattern in Passengers in crashes. A follow up of injuries resulting in long term consequences, Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles, Munich, Germany, 1994, pp. 779-781
3
[4] Temming, K., Zobel, R., Frequency and Risk of Cervical Spine Distortion Injuries in Passenger car Accidents: Significance of Human Factors Data. Proceeding of the International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact, IRCOBI Secretariat, Bron, France, 1998, pp. 219-233
4
[5] Siegmund, G.P., Heinrichs, B.E., Chimich, D.D, Demarco, A.L., Brault, J., The Effect of Collision Pulse Properties on Seven Proposed Whiplash Injury Criteria. Accident analysis & Prevention 2003, Vol. 37 pp. 275-285
5
[6] Kraft, M., When do AIS 1 Neck Injuries Result in Long Term Consequences? Vehicle and Human Factors, Traffic Injuries Prevention 2002, Vol. 3, pp. 89-97
6
[7] Martinez, J. L. and Garcia, D. J., A Model for Whiplash. Journal of biomechanics 1968, Vol. 1 pp. 23-32
7
[8] McKenzie, J. A., and Williams, J. F., The Dynamic Behavior of Head and Cervical Spine During Whiplash. Journal of biomechanics 1971, Vol. 4 pp. 477-490
8
[9] Severy, D. M., Mathewson, J. H., and Bechtol, C. O. "Controlled Automobile Rear-End Collisions, an Investigation of Related Engineering and Medical Phenomena", Medical Aspect of Traffic Accidents, Proceedings Montreal Conference, pp. 152-184 (1955)
9
[10] Linder, A., A New Mathematical Model for a Low-Velocity Rear-End Impact Dummy: Evaluation of Components Influencing Head Kinematics. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2000, Vol. 32, pp. 261-269.
10
[11] Deng Y-C, Goldsmith W. Response of a human head/neck/upper-torso replica to dynamic loading-II: Analytical/numerical model. Journal of biomechanics 1987, 20(5): 487-97.
11
[12] McConnell, W. Howard, P.R., Guzman, H. M., Analysis of Human Test Subjects Kinematic Responses to Low Velocity Rear End Impact. SAE Technical Paper, Paper Number 930899.
12
[13] Luan, F., Yang, K.H., Deng, B., Begeman, P.C., Tashman, S., King, A. I., Qualitative Analysis of Neck Kinematics during Low Speed Rear-End Impact. Clinical Biomechanics 2000, Vol.15, pp. 649-657.
13
[14] Ravani, B., Garcia, T., A Biomechanical Evaluation of Whiplash Using a Multi-body Dynamic Model, Journal of ASME 2003 Vol. 125, pp. 254-265.
14
[15] Mertz, H.J., Patrick, L. M., Strength and Response of the Human Neck. Proceedings of the 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference, SAE Inc., New York, LC 67-22372, pp. 207-255.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Development and Application of an ALE Large Deformation Formulation
This paper presents a complete derivation and implementation of the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation for the simulation of nonlinear static and dynamic problems in solid mechanics. While most of the previous work done on ALE for dynamic applications was mainly based on operator split and explicit calculations, this work derives the quasi-static and dynamic ALE equations in its simple and correct form, using a fully coupled implicit approach. Full expression for the ALE virtual work equations is given. Time integration relations for the dynamic equations are also derived. Examples of quasi-static and dynamic large deformation applications are presented.
https://miscj.aut.ac.ir/article_218_d58283d7e78a9ac38175d1c7b2edefe2.pdf
2009-04-01
17
24
10.22060/miscj.2009.218
FEM
ALE
large deformation
Coupled formulations
implicit dynamic analysis
Y.
Tadi benii
1
AUTHOR
M. R.
Movahhedy
2
AUTHOR
G.H.
Farrahi
3
AUTHOR
[1] M.S. Gadala, "Recent trends in ALE formulation and its applications in solid mechanics," Appl. Mech. Engrg. vol. 193, pp. 4247-4275, 2004.
1
[2] Benson DJ., "An efficient, accurate, simple ALE method for nonlinear finite element programs," Comput. Meth. Appl.Mech. Eng. Vol. 72, pp. 305–350, 1989.
2
[3] Haber RB., "A mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian displacement model for large-deformation analysis in solid mechanics," Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. Vol. 43, pp. 277–292, 1984.
3
[4] Hue´tink J, Vreede PT, van der Lugt J, "Progress in mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian finite element simulation of forming processes", Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng. Vol. 30, pp. 1441–1457, 1990.
4
[5] Kennedy JM, Belytschko TB, "Theory and application of a finite element method for arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian fluids and structures, " Nuc. Eng. Des. Vol. 68, pp. 129–146, 1981.
5
[6] Schreurs PJG, Veldpaus FE, Brekelmans WAM, "Simulation of forming processes using the arbitrary Eulerian- Lagrangian formulation," Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. Vol. 58, pp. 19–36, 1986.
6
[7] T.J.R. Hughes, W.K. Liu, T.K. Zimmermann, "Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element formulation for incompressible viscous flows," Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg. Vol. 29, pp. 329-349, 1981.
7
[8] J. Wang, M.S. Gadala, "formulation and survey of ALE method in nonlinear solid mechanics," Finite Element Anal. Des. Vol. 24, pp. 253-269 , 1997.
8
[9] Gadala, M.S. and Wang, J., "Apractical procedure for mesh motion in ALE method," Eng. With Computers, Vol. 14, pp. 223-234 , 1998.
9
[10] M.S. Gadala, M.R. Movahhedy, J. Wang, "On the mesh motion for ALE modeling of metal forming processes," Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, Vol. 38, pp. 435-459, 2002.
10
[11] R. Haber, M.S. Shepard, J.F. Abel, R.H. Gallagher, D.P. Greenberg, "A general two-dimentional, graphical finite element preprocessor utilizing discrete transfinite mapping," Int. J. Numer. Methods Engrg. Vol. 17, pp. 1015-1044, 1981.
11
[12] A. Huerta, F. Casadei, "New ALE applications in non-linear fast-transient solid dynamics, " Engineering Computations, Vol. 11, pp. 317-345, 1994.
12
[13] H.N. Bayoumi, M.S. Gadala, "A complete finite element treatment for the fully coupled implicit ALE formulation, " Computational Mechanics, Vol. 33, pp. 435-452, 2004..
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Extension of Higher Order Derivatives of Lyapunov Functions in Stability Analysis of Nonlinear Systems
The Lyapunov stability method is the most popular and applicable stability analysis tool of nonlinear dynamic systems. However, there are some bottlenecks in the Lyapunov method, such as need for negative definiteness of the Lyapunov function derivative in the direction of the system’s solutions. In this paper, we develop a new theorem to dispense the need for negative definite-ness of Lyapunov function derivative. We introduce new sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability of equilibrium states of nonlinear systems considering some inequalities for the higher order time derivatives of Lyapunov function. If the above-mentioned inequalities are found, then the stability analysis of an equilibrium state is reduced to check the characteristic equation for a controllable canonical form LTI co-system. The poles of co-system are required to be negative real ones. Some examples are presented to demonstrate the approach.
https://miscj.aut.ac.ir/article_220_693e704136f2c182872d907192957257.pdf
2009-04-01
25
33
10.22060/miscj.2009.220
Nonlinear dynamic systems
Lyapunov methods
Stability Analysis
[1] M. Vidyasagar, “Nonlinear Systems Analysis”, Prentice Hall, 2’nd Ed, 1993.
1
[2] H. K. Khalil, “Nonlinear systems”, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Third ed., 2002.
2
[3] K.S Narendra, and A.M. Annaswamy, “Persistent excitation in adaptive systems”, Internat. J. Control, vol. 45, pp. 127-160, 1987.
3
[4] D. Aeyels and J. Peuteman, “A new asymptotic stability criterion for nonlinear time-variant differential equations”, IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, vol. 43, pp. 968-971, 1998.
4
[5] R. Bellman, “Vector Lyapunov functions,” SIAM J. Control, vol. 1, pp. 32–34, 1962.
5
[6] V. M. Matrosov, “Method of vector Liapunov functions of interconnected systems with distributed parameters (survey)” (in Russian), Avtomatika i Telemekhanika, vol. 33, pp. 63–75, 1972.
6
[7] A.A. Martynyuk, “Stability analysis by comparison technique”, Nonlinear Analysis 62 (2005) 629-641.
7
[8] S. G. Nersesov, W.M. Haddad, “On the stability and control of nonlinear dynamical systems via vector Lyapunov functions”, IEEE Transaction on Automatic Control, vol. 51, no. 2, 2006.
8
[9] M. B. Kudaev, “A study of the behavior of the trajectories of systems of differential equations by means of Lyapunov functions”, Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 147, pp. 1285-1287, 1962.
9
J. A. Yorke, “A theorem on Liapunov functions using ϋ”, Theory of Computing Systems, Springer, vol. 4, no 1, p
10
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Delay-Dependent Robust Asymptotically Stable for Linear Time Variant Systems
In this paper, the problem of delay dependent robust asymptotically stable for uncertain linear time-variant system with multiple delays is investigated. A new delay-dependent stability sufficient condition is given by using the Lyapunov method, linear matrix inequality (LMI), parameterized first-order model transformation technique and transformation of the interval uncertainty in to the norm bounded uncertainty. A numerical example is presented to illustrate our present stability criterion allows an upper bound which is bigger on the size of the delay in comparison with those in the literature.
https://miscj.aut.ac.ir/article_222_e5a28191704179c609b14963a8548bb7.pdf
2009-04-01
35
40
10.22060/miscj.2009.222
Lyapunov-Krasovskii Functional
Linear matrix inequality
Parameterized first-order model transformation
Time-delay systems
D.
Behmardii
1
AUTHOR
Y.
Ordokhaniii
2
AUTHOR
S.
Sedaghatiii
3
AUTHOR
Campbell,S. A. and Belair, J., 1992, “Multiple-delayed differential equations as model for biological control systems.” In Proceeding World Congress of Nonlinear Analysts’ 92, 3110-3117 ,Tampa.
1
[2] Kim, J.-H., 2001, “Delay and Time-Derivative Dependent Robust Stability of Time-Delay Linear Systems with Uncertainty.” IEEE Trans. Autom. contr., 46,(5), 789-792.
2
[3] Kuang, Y., 1993, Delay Differential Equations with Applications in Population Dynamics. Academic Press, Boston. 9
3
[4] Li, C. D. and Liao, X. f., 2006, “A global exponential robust stability criterion for NN with variable delays.” Neurocomputating 69, 80-89.
4
[5] Li, X. and de Souza, C. E., 1995 “LMI approach to delay -dependent robust stability of uncertain linear systems.” in Proc. of the 34th CDC, New Orleans, 3614-3619.
5
[6] Li, X. and de Souza, C. E., 1997, “Delay dependent robust
6
stability and stabilization of uncertain linear delay system: A linear Matrix Inequality Approach.” IEEE Trans. on Automatic
7
Control, 42, 1144-1148.
8
[7] Macdoonald, N., 1989, Biological Delay Systems: Linear Stability Theory, CambridgeUniversity Press, Cambridge.
9
[8] Niculescu, S.-I., Doin, J.-M., Dugard, L., and Li, H., 1997, “Stability of linear systems with several delays: An L.M.I. approach.” JESA, special issue on ‘Analysis and control of time-delay systems’ 31, 955-970.
10
[9] Niculescu, S.-I., 2001, Delay effects on stability: A robust
11
approach. Springer, Berlin.
12
[10] Stepan, G., 1998, “Retarded dynamical system stability and characteristic function.” Research Notes in Mathematics Series, John Wiley, New York, P:210.
13
[11] Su, J .H., 1994, “Further results on the robust stability of linear systems with a single delay.” Systems and Control Letters, 23, 375-379.
14
[12] Zhang, Z., Liao, and Ch. Li, X., 2006, “Delay-dependent robust stability analysis for interval linear time-variant system with delays and application to delayed neural networks.” Neurocomputating, doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2006.09.010, .
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biomechanical Investigation of Empirical Optimal Trajectories Introduced for Snatch Weightlifting
The optimal barbell trajectory for snatch weightlifting has been achieved empirically by several researchers. They have studied the differences between the elite weightlifters’ movement patterns and suggested three optimal barbell trajectories (type A, B, and C). But they didn’t agree for introducing the best trajectory. One of the reasons is this idea that the selected criterion by researchers might not be appropriate. Therefore we build a biomechanical model based on inverse dynamic approach to evaluate each trajectory while considering a specific mechanical criterion. We calculate the optimal motion of each trajectory that minimizes the actuating torques by using dynamic programming approach. We solve an example problem for a specific weightlifter that lifts a 100 (kg) barbell. According to our criterion, we recommend the pattern type C as the best trajectory. The most important result of this simulation is the cost assigned to each trajectory which gives us the ability to evaluate the trajectories clearly. This method is an appropriate tool for coaches to examine each trajectory for any specific weightlifter and make a good decision for selecting the best trajectory.
https://miscj.aut.ac.ir/article_224_351dae9899ad0356638005364211356f.pdf
2009-04-01
41
47
10.22060/miscj.2009.224
Sport Biomechanics
Simulation
Dynamic programming
optimization
Shahram
Lenjan Nejadian
1
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Rostami
2
AUTHOR
Ahmad Reza
Arshi
3
AUTHOR
Abolghasem
Naghash
naghash@aut.ac.ir
4
AUTHOR
[1] W. Baumann, V. Gross, K. Quade, P. Galbirez, and A. Schwirtz, “The snatch technique of world class weightlifters at the 1985 world championship,” International Journal of Sport Biomechanics, vol. 4, pp. 68-89, 1988.
1
[2] R. Byrd, “Barbell trajectories: three case study,” Strength and Health, vol. 3, pp. 40-42, 2001.
2
[3] J. Garhammer, “Biomechanical profiles of Olympic weightlifters,” International Journal of Sport Biomechanics, vol. 1, pp. 122-130, 1985.
3
[4] J. Garhammer, “Weightlifting performance and techniques of men and women,” in Proc. 1998 First International Conference on Weightlifting and Strength Training, pp. 89-94.
4
[5] J. Garhammer, “Barbell trajectory, velocity, and power changes: six attempts and four world records,” Weightlifting USA, vol. 19 (3), pp. 27-30, 2001.
5
[6] V. Gourgoulis, N. Aggelousis, G. Mavromatis, and A. Garas, “Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of the snatch of elite Greek weightlifters,” Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 18 (8), pp. 643-652, 2000.
6
[7] G. Hiskia, “Biomechanical analysis of world and Olympic champion weightlifters performance,” in Proc. 1997 IWF Weightlifting Symposium, pp. 137-158.
7
[8] T. Isaka, J. Okada, and K. Funato, “Kinematics analysis of the barbell during the snatch movement of elite Asian weightlifters,” Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 12, pp. 508-516, 1996.
8
[9] B. Schilling, M. Stone, H. S. O'Brayant, A. C. Fry, R. H. Cogllanese, and K. C. Pierce, “Snatch technique of college national level weightlifters,” Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, vol. 16 (2), pp. 551-555, 2002.
9
[10] A. N. Vorobyev, A Textbook on Weightlifting, Budapest: International Weightlifting Federation, 1978.
10
[11] C. Chang, D. R. Brown, D. S. Bloswick, and S. M. Hsiang, “Biomechanical simulation of manual lifting using spacetime optimization,” Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 34, pp. 527-532, 2001.
11
[12] C. J. Lin, M. M. Ayoub, and T. M. Bernard, “Computer motion simulation for sagittal plane activities,” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 24, pp. 141-155, 1999.
12
[13] W. Park, B. J. Martin, S. Choe, D. B. Chaffin, and M. P. Reed, “Representing and identifying alternative movement technique for goal-directed manual tasks,” Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 38, pp. 519-527, 2005.
13
[14] S. L. Nejadian, M. Rostami, and F. Towhidkhah, “Optimization of barbell trajectory during the snatch lift technique by using optimal control theory,” American Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 5 (5), pp. 524-531, 2008.
14
[15] M. Rostami, and G. Bessonnet, “Sagittal gait of a biped robot during the single support phase, Part 2: Optimal motion,” Robotica, vol. 19, pp. 241-253, 2001.
15
[16] S. L. Nejadian, and M. Rostami, “Optimization of barbell trajectory during the snatch lift technique by using genetic algorithm,” in Proc. 2007 Fifth IASTED International Conference in Biomechanics, pp. 34-39.
16
[17] D. B. Chaffin, and G. B. Anderson, Occupational Biomechanics, Wiley, 1991.
17
[18] L. L. Menegaldo, A. D. Fleury, and H. I. Weber, “Biomechanical modeling and optimal control of human posture,” Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 36, pp. 1701-1712, 2003.
18
[19] B. P. Derwin, “The snatch: Technical description & periodization program,” National Strength & Conditioning Journal, vol. 12, pp. 80-81, 1990.
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification Effect of Nanoclay on Engineering Properties of Asphalt Mixtures
Nanoclays are new generation of processed clays of interest in a wide range of high performance composites. In other words, nanoclay is defined as a clay that can be modified to make the clay complexes compatible with organic monomers and polymers. Here, it can be said that the polymeric nanocomposites are among the most exciting and promising classes of materials discovered recently. A number of physical properties are enhanced successfully when a polymer is modified with small amount of nanoclay on condition that the clay is dispersed at nanoscopic level. This research has accomplished a comparative rheological test on binders as well as a mechanical test on asphalt mixtures containing unmodified and nanoclay modified bitumen. For that matter, two types of nanoclay were used: Nanofil-15 and Cloisite-15A. While, the rheological test on binder were penetration, softening point, ductility and aging effect, mechanical test on asphalt mixture were marshal stability, indirect tensile strength, resilient modulus, diametric fatigue and dynamic creep test. Test results show that, nanoclay can improve properties like stability, resilient modulus and indirect tensile strength and possess better behavior compared with unmodified bitumen under dynamic creep although it does not seem to have beneficial effect on fatigue behavior in low temperature. Optimum binder content and void in total mixture (VTM) increase by adding nanoclay to bitumen
https://miscj.aut.ac.ir/article_227_30c16ecd0c5195a1aa8d0fdc8b9b013b.pdf
2009-04-01
49
57
10.22060/miscj.2009.227
Asphalt Mixture
Bitumen Modifies
Nanoclay
Mechanical Properties
Saeed
Ghaffarpour Jahromi
1
AUTHOR
Ali
Khodaii
2
AUTHOR
[1] Pinnavaia T.J. and G.W.Beall, (2000) "Polymer–Clay Nanocomposites", John Wiley and Sons Ltd, England.
1
[2] Grim, R. E. (1959). "Physicao-Chemical Properties of Soils: Clay Minerals", Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, Vol. 85, No. SM2, 1-17.
2
[3] Lan T, Kaviratna PD, Pinnavaia TJ. (1995), "Mechanism of clay tactoid exfoliation in epoxy–clay nanocomposites", Chem Mater ;7, 2144–50.
3
[4] Theng B. (2006), "Formation and properties of clay-polymer complexes", Elsevier; 1979.
4
[5] "Southern Clay Products" (2006), Inc. <Website, http://www.nanoclay.com/faqs.asp>.
5
Nguyen QT, Baird DG. (2007), "Process for increasing the exfoliation and dispersion of nanoclay particles into polymer
6
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Torsion Analysis of High-Rise Buildings using Quadrilateral Panel Elements with Drilling D.O.F.s
Generally, the finite element method is a powerful procedure for analysis of tall buildings. Yet, it should be noted that there are some problems in the application of many finite elements to the analysis of tall building structures. The presence of artificial flexure and parasitic shear effects in many lower order plane stress and membrane elements, cause the numerical procedure to converge in a low rate. Nevertheless, very large hardware memory storage is needed because of using fine meshes. Hence, it should be better to develop and use elements which can model the structural system of tall buildings in coarse finite element meshes and converge fast. The panel type finite elements presented in this study, have vertical and horizontal degrees of freedom similar to those of wide column analogy in the frame method. There are two rotational degrees of freedom to be defined at the two end of the panel element, which denote the rotational freedom equal to the first derivative of lateral displacement. The proposed elements can simply be used in tall building analysis. The application of the proposed elements can be performed without using a fine mesh. Examples are given to denote the accuracy and efficiency of the presented panel elements.
https://miscj.aut.ac.ir/article_229_8080a515fbe5240ffb9b1b81ee76d654.pdf
2009-04-01
59
67
10.22060/miscj.2009.229
Tall Building
Quadrilateral Element
In Plane Rotation Degree of Freedom
Strain Based Panel Element
Afshin
Meshkat-Dinii
1
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Tehranizadehii
2
AUTHOR
[1] B.S. Smith, B. Taranath, “The analysis of tall core supported structure subject to torsion”, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 53(2), 173-188, 1972.
1
[2] S.A. Meftah et al, "A simplified approach for seismic calculation of a tall building braced by shear walls and thin-walled open section structures", Engineering Structures, vol. 29, pp. 2576–2585, 2007.
2
[3] N.K. Oztorun, "A rectangular finite element formulation", Finite Element in Analysis and Design, Vol. 42, No. 12, pp. 1031-1052, 2006.
3
[4] V.Z. Vlasov, “Thin Walled Elastic Beams”, 1st Edition, National Science Foundation, WashingtonD.C., 1961.
4
[5] R.D. Steenbergen, J. Blaauwendraad, "Closed form element method for tall buildings of irregular geometry", Int. J. of Solids and Structures,2007, (Accepted- ID:10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2007.10.017).
5
[6] B.J. Goodno, J.M. Gere, “Analysis of shear cores using super elements”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 102(ST1), 267-283, 1976.
6
[7] J.S. Kuang, S.C. Ng, “Coupled vibration of asymmetric core walls in tall buildings”, World Conference Advances in Structural Dynamics, Vol.1, Hong Kong, 2000.
7
[8] B. Taranath, “Structural Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings”, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill, 1998.
8
[9] Y.K. Cheung, “Handbook of Structural Concrete Tall Buildings”, Chapter38,1st Edition, Pitman, 1983.
9
[10] H. Haji-Kazemi, M. Company, “Exact method of analysis of shear lag in framed tube structures”, The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, Vol. 11, 375-388, 2002.
10
[11] A. Coull, B.S. Smith, “TallBuilding Structures: Analysis and Design”,1st Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1991.
11
[12] J.S. Kuang, S.C. Ng, “Coupled vibration of tall building structures”, The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, Vol. 13, 291-303, 2004
12
[13] O.C. Zienkiewicz, C.J. Parekh, B. Teply, “Three dimensional analysis of buildings composed of floor and wall panels”, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 49(2), 319-332, 1971.
13
[14] A. Nadjai, D. Johnson, “Torsion in tall buildings by a discrete force method”, The Structural Design of Tall Buildings, Vol.7, 217-231, 1998
14
[15] O.A. Pekau, Z.A. Zielinski, L. Lin, “Displacement and natural frequencies of tall building structures by finite story method”, Computers and Structures, 54(1), 1-13, 1995.
15
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16
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